THE DEEP STRUCTURE AND SURFACE STRUCTURE OF GAYO LANGUAGE, CENTRAL ACEH, INDONESIA
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find out the deep structure of Gayo Language, in Central Aceh. Gayo language is to form Melayu-Polinesia language which is grouped in Austronesia. Deep Structure is the basic structure of sentences. Deep structure is the underlying structure of a sentence that conveys the meaning of a sentence, and surface structure is the superficial arrangement of constituents and reflects the order in which the word is pronounced. The method used was qualitative and there were thirty data were analyzed by using phrase structure rules. The data of this research were taken from folklore which written in Gayo language. The finding showed that, data no. 11 and no. 12, the surface structures are the same but by inserted "ni" in sentence no. 12, the meaning of both sentence became very different. Then, data no 16 and no. 17, the surface structure are the same, but the lexical used as Adjective are different then the deep structures are different. Next, data no 22, the sentence is ambigue, it has one surface structure, but the deep structures are two. Finally, data no. 30 and no. 31, both, have one the same surface structure, but the deep structures are different. It can be concluded that, one surface structure, there were two deep structures, two surface structures, there was one deep structure, and two surface structures there were two deep structures.
Keywords
deep structure, surface structure, Gayo language